This article is in two parts, set up a part of RAM data and a second part about RAM upgrade. If you like the RAM works are curious, you will find a detailed list that you give all the information that you should know about RAM, organization and speed. To see exactly how the section upgrade, please go directly to the second part upgrade laptop RAM in 5 minutes or less.
1 - RAM Overview
There are two large groups of randomAccess Memories:
* Dynamic memory (DRAM, Dynamic Random Access Module), not very expensive. They are used in most cases for the central computer memory
* Static memory (SRAM, Static Random Access Module), fast and expensive. SRAM is used mainly because of the cache memory of processor
Functioning of the Random Access Memory
The Random Access Memory is a hundred thousand small capacitors store charges. If it is loaded, thelogical state of the capacitor is equal to 1, otherwise it belongs to 0, which means that each capacitor represents a bit of memory.
Then load the capacitors off, it is always necessary, in an area of regulation time to recharge cycle called the refreshment. DRAM memory cycles need of refreshment, for example, (N) is about 15 nanoseconds.
Each capacitor is coupled with a transistor allowing to "recover" or change the state of the capacitor. ThisTransistors are lined up in the form of matrix, that is, they reached a hut memory (called memory) by a row and a column.
So, for a DRAM-type memory card is) the date of access of 60 nanoseconds (35ns delay of 25 ns cycle and the time of latency. On a computer that corresponds to the time of the cycle, contrary to the frequency of the clock, for example, pulsed for a computer with 200 MHz, the time of the cycle is 5 ns (1 / (200 * 106)).
As a result of a computer with aFrequency well trained and memories with the time of access, one of which still carry a lot longer than the time of the cycle, the processor cycles to wait for accessing the memory card. In the case of a computer with 200 MHz with memories of DRAM pulsed types (the time of access of 60ns) is, there are 11 cycles waiting as a cycle transfer. The performances of the computer are reduced as far as it cycles
Use of Random Access Memory (RAM)
ThereNumerous types of random access memories. All of this pair in the form of barrettes of memory on the motherboard to come.
* SIMM (Single Inline Memory Module): it is about printed circuits in which one of the faces has fleas of memory. There are two types of barrettes SIMM, by the number of cord (30 or 72)
* DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Modulates) are from the memory of the 64-bit, which explains why it is necessary to adapt them.Barrettes DIMM have fleas of memory on both sides of the PCB and also 84-connector cables on each side, giving what they are, with a total of 168 brooches. They have bigger dimensions than barrettes SIMM 130x25mm ().
* RIMM (Rambus Inline Memory Module, conscripts also RD-RAM or DRD-RAM) are from the memory of 64 bits developed by the company Rambus. They have 184 brooches. These barrettes have two notches of location (détrompeurs) avoidance of very confusionwith the previous modules. Considering their well brought up speed of transfer, barrettes RIMM have made a thermal film is responsible for mitigating the adjustment of the heat. As in the case of DIMM modules of smaller size, there are so-called RIMM (Small Outline RIMM), which for laptop computers. Barrettes SO RIMM include only 160 brooches.
* DRAM (Dynamic RAM, dynamic RAM) is the type of memo most spread at the beginning of the millennium. It is a reminder ofTransistors in a matrix lined by rows and columns. A transistor coupled to a capacitor, the information is a little bit. 1 byte consists of 8 bits, a barrette Memory 256 MB DRAM will therefore contain 256 * 2 ^ 10 * 2 ^ 10 = 256 to 1024 * * on 1024 = 268 435 456 bytes = 268 435 456 * 8 = 2 147 483 648 bits = 2 147 483 648 transistors. A 256 Mb barrette has so in reality, a capacity of 268 435 456 bytes, which is 268 MB! There are memories from which the timeAccess is 60 ns. Accesses on the other hand, on memory, are usually on data lined up in succession made in the memory. So the type of access at peak (burst mode) allows the three consecutive data in the first time, without providing additional latency.
* FPM DRAM speed up accesses to DRAM, it is a technology, called pagination, consisting in achieving data on the same column, by using the address of the line is just what you can avoid the repetition,the number of gaps between the reading of individual lines. They speak of FPM DRAM () Fast Page Mode. FPM allows to acquire time of access in the order of 70 to - 80 nanoseconds for a frequency of operation, that 25 can go up to 33 Mhz.
* DRAM EDO (Extended Data Out, is relieved from the data sometimes called "hyper-page") appears in 1995. The technology used with this type of memory is an in addressing the next column to read the dataColumn. It creates an overlapping of accesses allowing to save more time for each cycle. The period of access to memory EDO is therefore about 50 to 60 nanoseconds for a frequency of operation to go from 33 to 66 Mhz. So, if EDO RAM is used in peak mode, allows the cycles of the form 5-2-2-2 purchase that a benefit of 4 cycles to access to 4 data. As much as you do not accept EDO memory, the upper frequencies in 66 Mhz, disappeared in the amount of SDRAM.
* SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM;translate synchronous RAM), appeared in 1997, provides a readout of the data bus of the card-mother, in contrast to memories of EDO and FPM (qualified as asynchronous synchronized) that has its own rhythm. SDRAM allows therefore, owe themselves of free time to wait for synchronization with the card-mother. This makes it possible to obtain a cycle peak in the mode of form 5-1-1-1, that is the benefit of 3 cycles in comparison with EDO RAM. In this way, SDRAM working with a cadenza is so long, to 150 in a positionMhz, with which he purchased from the time of access to 10 ns.
* DR-SDRAM (Direct Rambus DRAM or RDRAM otherwise) is a type of memory lets you transfer data width of a bus with 16 bits at a cadence of 800 MHz, giving him a passer-band of 1.6 Go / s . As SDRAM is synchronized, this type of memory with the clock the bus has to improve the exchange of data.
* Is DDR SDRAM (Double Dated Miss SDRAM), a memory based on SDRAM technology that allows the doubleRate of transmission of SDRAM with the same frequency. Reading or writing data in the storage bin out on the basis of a clock. Uses standard DRAM memory, a method of conscripts SDR (Single Data Fails) consisting in reading or writing data up in every forehead. DDR allows to double the frequency of reading / writings, with a clock pulsated in the same frequency, rising by sending data in every forehead, and all down his brow. DDR memory is usually acommercial designation of the type PCxxxx where "xxxx" represents the liabilities side in Mb / s.
* DDR2 (or DDR-II reach) allows up to twice as well brought up debit sides as DDR with the same external frequency. They speak about QDR (Quadruple Dated Fail or quad-pumped) to indicate the method and to use article writing. DDR2 memory used, in fact, two separate channels for reading and writing, allowing it to send or accept twice more data than capable of DDR.
2 - Update yourLaptop RAM
Upgrading a notebook memory is a special simple process pending that you have the correct RAM and you are a little touchy.
There are different types of RAM, and you need the one that is compatible with your notebook to choose. The memory is a fragile, so you must be very careful when you install it. You should make sure that the laptop is switched off and disconnected from any external power supply. No light should visible.
It is much easier to install RAM on a laptop versus a desktop PC. Access to the memory slots is via a panel, usually at the bottom of the laptop is located. If you use this plate with a small screwdriver you can use the existing memory, click open. Here you can see the exact type of memory that your Notebook currently uses to verify because it is usually on the front of the store shows stripes and becomes clear when you open the> Storage panel.
The memory strips are usually with small clips on the ends of the strip closed. To remove existing memory, turn the clips and then remove the memory strips gently from their site. If you are simply adding memory and space is available, simply add the new memory card, pressed it gently to ensure that it fully seated in the slot and press the clips to hold the new memory card into position.
OnceIt will replace or complement your notebook computer memory, replace the cover, and then screw the panel back on. Finally, turn on the notebook, when the PC is started, it will count the memory and tell you how much RAM is being loaded on your laptop.
As long as you have the right memory, the whole operation should take less than 5 minutes, you can be faster with your less crash prone laptop.
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